Seminari "A Legal poison. How poisonous lead paint industry long remained dominant despite occupational health and safety regulation. France, 1820-1926."
Data d'actualització: 12/03/2018 01:07:47
ID: 50772
Creador: RICOS LEON, M. CARMEN 
URL: https://mmedia.uv.es/html5/u/mr/mrile/50772_judithrainhorn.mp4
Código de inserción:
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Categoría: Educación
Clasificación Unesco: Sin categorizar
Descripción: Seminari impartit per Judith Rainhorn Universitat Paris-1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Data: 14 de febrer de 2018 de 16:00 a 18:00.
Centre: Palau de Cerveró.
Sales: P.Cerveró. Sala Conferències.
El meu treball abordarà la qüestió crucial de la salut i la seguretat en el treball durant l'era industrial, emfatitzant la història del creixement, l'ús massiu i la regulació final d'un producte tòxic: la cerusa (també conegut com albayalde o blanc de plom), responsable de l'enverinament per plom (o saturnisme) dels treballadors que ho produeixen i dels pintors que ho usen. Partint d'un treball empíric a través d'una àmplia gamma d'arxius, que constitueixen el nucli del meu treball actual, investigaré la interacció global que porta el tema de salut i seguretat ocupacional a estar en l'agenda política durant l'era de la industrialització.
Sostinc que l'Estat Francés va estar durant un segle en el centre d'una complexa trama de poder i interessos per a establir una societat industrial saludable. Sent interromput per diverses revolucions i colps d'estat durant el segle XIX (cinc règims polítics), l'Estat Francés va abordar de forma irregular el tema de la salut i la seguretat en el treball. En ser un fantasma aterrorizador, el tema de la pintura amb plom va mobilitzar a múltiples interessats com a homes d'estat, fabricadors, empleats i sindicats, científics i metges, polítics i opinió pública, i també a algunes organitzacions internacionals. Tots aquests protagonistes van tractar d'aconseguir el seu objectiu, ja fóra prohibir la pintura amb plom o no, fent el seu propi camí a través de l'autoritat de l'Estat. De tant en tant, l'Estat (considerat en diferents escales: govern, Parlament, autoritats locals, etc.) va assumir la seua responsabilitat en l'engegada de la regulació ambiental i sanitària. Per contra, en altres ocasions, es va mostrar impotent i absent de les creixents apostes de salut i seguretat. La història de la pintura amb plom i l'Estat pot servir com un referent històric per a reevaluar altres problemes de salut i seguretat durant el segle XX.
Etiquetas: metall, tòxic
Resolucion: 
914 x 604
unknown
Puntuación: Sense puntuacio (puntuar).
Licencia CC: No asignada
Visitas: 602
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Seminari: The human cost of pesticides. Hyper-Segmentation as a Process of Invizibilisation
The regulation of agricultural pesticides has been the subject of research in the humanities and social sciences, political science and law since the 1970s. Various mechanisms by which regulations have contributed to the social and political invisibility of the harmful effects of pesticides on health and the environment have been highlighted: subjection of health and environmental issues to economic issues ; failure to take into account certain issues in political and regulatory areas, limited or inadequat knowledge production systems on possible harmful effects; multiple biases in scientific expertise ; primacy of politics over expertise... In this paper, I would like to describe and analyse a mechanism that has not yet been fully considered by the literature: how the development of regulations to deal with the health and environmental effects of agricultural pesticides has been based on a hyper-segmentation of problems, a hyper-segmentation that has led to the long-term structural invisibility of certain issues. To do this, I will analyze the development of regulation on agricultural pesticides in France over the long twentieth century by showing how this development has been accompanied by the implementation of reasoning that segmente in multiple ways the problems posed pesticides: substance by substance, occupational health vs. environmental health vs. environment, medium by medium (water, soil, air, plants,...), tasks by task, type of people by types of people (consumers, residents, manipulators, agricultural employees, farmers) etc... This hyper-segmentation, driven by a proliferation of regulatory texts forming part of different laws and by a progressive sophistication of the procedures by which harmful health and environmental effects have been assessed, has led to invisibility and the failure to take into account many problems: poly-exposures to the same molecule ; cross-exposures to several molecules ; possible deleterious effects of these different types of exposures ; the use of pesticides in certain sectors (breeding as pesticides and biocides, post-harvest treatment) ; the presence of pesticides in certain media (air, soil) ; the exposure of certain people (women, teenagers, migrant and seasonal farmworkers, extension workers, mecanics, vets…). To show this dynamic of hyper-segmentation and associated processes of invisibilization, I will focus on three important moments in the development of pesticide regulation in France: the 1916 decree-law on poisonous substances, the 1943 law on the organization of the control of pesticides for agricultural use and various European directives of the 1970s and 1980s aiming at harmonizing the management of certain harmful effects of pesticides within the EEC.